Types of fire extinguishers and their use
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In this blog, we will provide essential information and practical tips about fire extinguishers. You will learn about the different types of fire extinguishers, their specific applications, and how to use them safely and effectively. Additionally, we’ll explore lesser-known facts about fire extinguishers, including their maintenance, legal requirements, and the importance of choosing the right type for various fire risks. Whether you are a business owner, a homeowner, or simply interested in fire safety, this guide will equip you with valuable knowledge to enhance your preparedness and safety.
Fire extinguishers are categorized based on various criteria, such as the types of fires they can extinguish, their weight and mobility, technical specifications, and more. Below is a concise summary of their classification:
1. By Fire Types
- Class A Fires: Solid materials like wood, paper, textiles, and some plastics.
- Class B Fires: Flammable liquids such as oil, gasoline, and alcohol.
- Class C Fires: Flammable gases like propane, butane, and methane.
- Class D Fires: Combustible metals like magnesium, aluminum, and titanium.
- Class F Fires: Cooking oils and fats, typically in kitchens.
Note: A fire extinguisher may be designed to handle one or multiple fire classes.
2. By Weight and Mobility
- Portable Extinguishers: Weigh up to 20 kg and are designed to be carried by hand.
- Mobile Extinguishers: Weigh over 20 kg and are equipped with wheels for easier transportation.
3. By Extinguishing Medium/Agent
- Water: Suitable for Class A fires.
- Powder: Effective for Class A, B, C, and some Class D fires.
- Carbon Dioxide (CO₂): Ideal for Class B fires.
- Foam: Used for Class A and B fires.
- Specialized Agents: Designed for Class F and some Class D fires and for lithium batteries.
These are among the most common agents but not an exhaustive list.
4. By Pressure System
- Stored Pressure: The extinguishing agent is maintained under constant pressure by the propellant gas within the extinguisher, ensuring immediate discharge upon activation.
- Cartridge Operated: The propellant gas is stored in an internal or external cartridge and is released only when the extinguisher is activated.
5. By Activation Mechanism
- Lever Valve: The agent is discharged by pressing or shifting a lever that opens the valve.
- Twist Valve: The valve is opened by twisting, and the agent is released through a discharge nozzle.
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